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All of Cook’s pictures purporting to illustrate his climb of
Mount McKinley
in 1906 have been shown to be misrepresentations or out-and-out fakes,
such
as the one he claimed showed his climbing partner standing on the
summit
of the mountain itself. Likewise his diary shows
discrepancies that
cannot be reconciled with his published account. In fact, his
two hoaxes
show a great many commonalties of conception, technique and
manufactured
evidences of success. (See the article under News for a
detailed look
at the Mount McKinley hoax.)
His polar pictures fare little
better upon analysis.
Opposite pages 300 and 301 in his book, Cook printed two pictures
representing
his igloo at the North Pole, which contain little detail and no
discernible
shadows. Cook
attributed their washed-out
appearance to the non-actinic light at the Pole, which caused a
“blue haze over
everything” and a diffuse effect on the film.
Yet a photograph of the same igloo in
Rudolph Franke's
book is not spoiled by “non-actinic
light.” The existence of a clear photograph
of this igloo tends to show that the polar igloo picture, too, is a
fake,
since it destroys the reason Cook gave for the lack of definition in
the
ones he printed. The
original photo, recovered
from the Library of Congress, strongly indicates that it has been
intentionally
overexposed in developing. This is shown by the light
appearance of
the pure black frame line. There is also evidence of
selective dodging
and burning to bring out some details, such as the igloo, and to
obscure
others.
Donald MacMillan reported that one of
Cook’s Inuit companions
told him that this "polar igloo" was built near Cape Faraday on the
eastern
shore of Ellesmere Land in the spring of 1909. By that time Cook had
abandoned
one of his sledges and all of his dogs. No dogs and a portion of only
one
sledge are visible in either of Cook's polar igloo photographs, though
he
claimed to have two sledges and dogs at the Pole.
Other photographs indicate
misrepresentation as well,
when compared with original prints now in the Library of Congress. In
the
one opposite page 172, the original
shows definite shadows of measurable
objects, none of which are long enough for even the highest sun angle
Cook
would have experienced on the outward trip—12 degrees. This
picture must
have been taken when the sun would have been at a far higher angle than
implied
by its position in the text.
Proponents have often pointed to one of
Cook's photos
as evidence in his favor. The one opposite page 269, labeled
“Mending near
the Pole,” has shadows
appropriate to a sun angle of 12 degrees,
but this could be a coincidence or even an easily faked deception,
which
in isolation proves nothing. |